What can Cheyne-Stokes respirations be associated with?

Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by a pattern of rhythmic breathing that involves alternating periods of deep, rapid breathing followed by apneas. This respiratory pattern is most commonly associated with conditions that affect the central nervous system, particularly those that involve the brain's ability to regulate breathing.

The correct association with Cheyne-Stokes respirations is decorticate posturing and brain herniation. This occurs because when there is significant brain injury, such as from a stroke or increased intracranial pressure, the brain's respiratory centers can be disrupted. The result is the characteristic pattern of hyperventilation and apnea seen in Cheyne-Stokes respirations. This is often an indicator of a critical condition, where the patient may be at risk of further neurological deterioration.

In contrast, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute asthma attacks, and vascular issues in the lungs are typically characterized by different respiratory patterns, such as wheezing or increased work of breathing, rather than the distinct cycle of Cheyne-Stokes. Therefore, recognizing Cheyne-Stokes respirations as an indicator of central nervous system compromise is key for understanding their clinical significance in a flight paramedic setting.