What does a positive Trousseau's Sign demonstrate?

A positive Trousseau's Sign is indicative of latent tetany due to hypocalcemia, which is a state characterized by low calcium levels in the blood. When a healthcare professional inflates a blood pressure cuff around the patient's arm, if the hand and forearm begin to flex and spasm, this reaction signifies that the body is experiencing neuromuscular irritability resulting from insufficient calcium.

Calcium plays a critical role in muscle contraction and nerve function. When calcium levels drop, the threshold for nerve excitability is lowered, leading to muscle spasms. This response is particularly relevant in the context of conditions that cause hypocalcemia, such as hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, and certain renal diseases.

Therefore, recognizing a positive Trousseau's Sign is crucial for identifying patients who might be at risk for complications related to low calcium levels, and it allows healthcare providers to address the underlying cause effectively.